How many litter boxes for 2 cats

Many of us will have experienced that super friendly cat who seems to love being stroked one minute, only to bite or swipe at us the next. Many of us will have experienced that sup...No scooping, literally ever. Because we have three cats, my partner and I would split emptying our litter box once a day. Even with his help, it was a lot and a chore that I admittedly skipped at times due to how much I hated doing it. Since we unboxed the Litter-Robot 4 two months ago, however, it’s automated that process for us, so I ...Jul 21, 2023 · The Basic Rule: One Litter Box Per Cat Plus One. The general rule of thumb when it comes to the number of litter boxes is to have one per cat plus one extra. This means if you have one cat, you should have two litter boxes; if you have three cats, you should have four litter boxes. This rule is supported by both the ASPCA and the Humane Society ... Nov 5, 2011 · 47. Location. Texas. The consensus seems to be one litterbox per cat +1. 2 cats, 3 boxes. 4 cats, 5 boxes. IMO, the boxes don't have to be in five separate places though. I have two litterstations for my four boxes, and they've been good kitties and save for one accident right in front of the door (think he turned around mid #2 to dig more ... The best depth is just 2 to 3 inches of litter in the litter box. This is the perfect amount for your cat to use comfortably. This way, your cat will have enough litter to dig in and enough litter to cover anything up. Of course, every cat is different so you may find you need to adjust the litter an inch up or down.Understanding the Need for Multiple Litter Boxes in Multi-Cat Homes. In multi-cat homes, having multiple litter boxes is crucial to prevent litter box conflicts and promote a harmonious living environment. Each cat should have their own litter box, plus an extra box to avoid competition and ensure accessibility.Many cat litters are non-stick and allow for waste to slide right out of the litter box when cleaning. The Best Cat Litters Reviewed. With so many different types of cat litter, it is hard for pet owners to choose the right one. ... Evenly spread a layer of litter in the cat litter box about 2 inches thick. Scoop clean the litter daily for best ...About this item . Purax Smart Litter Box: Not only automatic poop scooping, but also automatic deodorization, instead of cleaning litter every day, now you only need to do 30 minutes cleaning once every 2 weeks-8 weeks, very worth the initial cost for the savings in sanity, time, smell, mess, litter. The generally accepted rule is that cats require one litter box each, an extra litter box. So, if you have 4 cats this means you need a minimum of 5 litter boxes. I know a lot of owners that have one cat and one box, or even two cats and two litter boxes. This can work if you keep your boxes clean, or if your cats also go outside. The quick answer to this question is 3! The number of litter boxes is calculated by the number of cats plus one. So if you have two cats, they will need at least three litter boxes, for three cats, four boxes, and so on. It’s simply called the rule of the thumb’ and reads like this: “One litter box per cat + one extra.For example, if two cats are using one litter box, we suggest two bags. If each cat has their own litter box, but one is used more than the other, we suggest two bags per box. There are many different sizes of litter boxes, and every household's litter box usage is different, so if you ever need more or less litter, we're happy to help …Determining the Right Number of Litter Boxes for 2 Cats Considering the Number of Cats. When it comes to determining the right number of litter boxes for your two cats, the first factor to consider is the number of cats you have. As a general rule of thumb, it is recommended to have at least one litter …Unless a box required a specific litter to operate effectively, all the litter boxes were filled with our budget pick for the best cat litters, Dr. Elsey's Ultra Multi-Strength Cat Litter, except ...2. Best Budget: Extra Large Frisco High-Sided Cat Litter Box. If you’re looking for the cheapest option that still gets the job done, the Extra Large Frisco High-Sided Cat Litter Box is our favorite. While it’s not exactly the most aesthetically pleasing option, it does what it’s designed to do. How Many Litter Boxes Should You Have? As I said above, the rule of thumb for as long as I can remember has always been 1 litter box for each cat in the home + 1 more. So, the basics on that are: 1 cat = 2 litter boxes. 2 cats = 3 litter boxes. At cat cafes, customers can mingle with adoptable cats while getting their caffeine kicks. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive newsletters and promotions from Money and its pa...Sep 11, 2022 · The last way to change the cat litter for two cats is to use a litter box with a built in filter. This way, the litter will be filtered and it will be easier to keep the house clean. This is the best way to change the cat litter for two cats because it is the easiest way to keep the house clean and it will also save you money in the long run. The short answer is yes. It is perfectly fine to put two litter boxes next to each other. However, keep reading if you would like to know how many litter boxes you need, why you need them, and where you should put them in …2. Van Ness CP5 Sifting Cat Litter Box Pan – Best Value. Check Latest Price. Box type: Open top, sifting. Size: 3cm x 38.4cm x 20.3cm. This sifting cat litter box from Van Ness is our top pick ...The best cat litter boxes are easy to clean and provide strong odor control. Our top picks include automatic, self-cleaning, and multiple-cat boxes. INSIDER. The 13 best cat … Litter box problems plague many cat parents but often just having enough litter boxes can solve the problem. Learn how many litter boxes you need for your cat. 2. Van Ness CP5 Sifting Cat Litter Box Pan – Best Value. Check Latest Price. Box type: Open top, sifting. Size: 3cm x 38.4cm x 20.3cm. This sifting cat litter box from Van Ness is our top pick ...The first step in gauging litter depth correctly depends on how many cats will be using the litter box. Naturally, the more cats using the litter box, the deeper the litter will need to be. For a single cat, a good rule of thumb is about 2 inches deep, as this will usually prevent urine from seeping through to the bottom and stop litter and ...The minimum number of litter boxes recommended for your house is one litter box per cat, plus an extra one. For example, if you have one cat, you should have two litter boxes. If you have two cats ...Many of us will have experienced that super friendly cat who seems to love being stroked one minute, only to bite or swipe at us the next. Many of us will have experienced that sup...Aug 6, 2012 ... The rule of thumb that most professionals suggest is one litter box per cat. Why is this suggestion made? There are a few reasons this is a ...Location. The Beehave State! I read just today in a pet health article in a magazine that you should have 2 litter boxes for the first cat and one more for each cat after the first. So if you had 3 cats, you should have 4 litter pans. I have 3 cats and 4 litter pans. Apr 25, 2005.Around 70-85% of kittens survive in a litter. This may vary according to the mother cats health, but it is reported that the kitten mortality rate is 15-35%. With an average of 3 to 5 kittens per litter, there is a good chance only one will be dead, or they will be all alive and healthy.USA Today, "Fact check: No, a Michigan public school did not provide litter boxes for students identifying as cats," Jan. 30, 2022 YouTube, " No, furries don't get litter boxes in school bathrooms ...If you’re a cat owner, you know how important it is to find the right litter for your furry friend. With so many options available on the market, it can be overwhelming to decide w...Cats are picky creatures, but they can’t always tell us what exactly they want or what’s wrong with their current litter setup! Because of this, some cat owners find that their fel...I had 2 ordinary litter boxes and scooped at least 2x daily and refreshed the litter with 2-3 cups of fresh every other day or so. The 26# litter pkg cost, delivered, about $27. It always lasted at least a month or longer with good clumping and odor control. The generally accepted rule is that cats require one litter box each, an extra litter box. So, if you have 4 cats this means you need a minimum of 5 litter boxes. I know a lot of owners that have one cat and one box, or even two cats and two litter boxes. This can work if you keep your boxes clean, or if your cats also go outside. As cat experts from PetMD explain, “ for seven cats, you need at least eight litter boxes .” (1)So, for six cats, you need at least seven cat litter boxes, nine boxes for eight …Many cats like 2-3 inches of litter in the box. However, the preferences may vary with a cat’s love to dig and find a treasure from their poo-filled litter box. In that case, add a little more litter and make it 3-4 inches. You have no choice; you need to surrender to the needs and likes of the mighty creature, the cat.The first step in gauging litter depth correctly depends on how many cats will be using the litter box. Naturally, the more cats using the litter box, the deeper the litter will need to be. For a single cat, a good rule of thumb is about 2 inches deep, as this will usually prevent urine from seeping through to the bottom and stop litter and ...The cat experts over at ISFM strongly advise 1 litter tray for each cat plus one more. Therefore, if you have two cats you should have 3 litter boxes. This might seem extreme but it has been decided after years of research on cat behaviour. If you do not have the space for 3 litter boxes, you will at least need to have two – one for …Jul 21, 2023 · The Basic Rule: One Litter Box Per Cat Plus One. The general rule of thumb when it comes to the number of litter boxes is to have one per cat plus one extra. This means if you have one cat, you should have two litter boxes; if you have three cats, you should have four litter boxes. This rule is supported by both the ASPCA and the Humane Society ... This lightweight, silica crystal cat litter is dust-free and comes in a fine texture that won’t irritate even the most sensitive cat paws. Pretty Litter is available in a convenient monthly subscription, with a full bag lasting up to 30 days for a single cat. If you have multiple cats, simply add an extra litter box for each.This will give you an idea of how many litter boxes does a cat requires. To answer, how many litter boxes for 1 cat with one story house? The answer will be n+m+1 which will be two litter boxes. Similarly, if you wonder how many litter boxes for 2 cats with a two-story house? Then the answer 2+1.This means that in a single cat household you should provide 2 boxes, and then it goes up from there. 2 cats should have 3 boxes and 3 cats should have 4 boxes. That’s a lot …If you have many cats (more than one), you also need many litter boxes. The rule of thumb is that you need one litter box per cat + one extra. So if you have 3 cats, 4 litter boxes will be the perfect amount. Be sure not to place the … The generally accepted rule is that cats require one litter box each, an extra litter box. So, if you have 4 cats this means you need a minimum of 5 litter boxes. I know a lot of owners that have one cat and one box, or even two cats and two litter boxes. This can work if you keep your boxes clean, or if your cats also go outside. Our top picks. Best overall: Frisco High-Sided Cat Litter Box ($20) Best budget: PetMate Basic Cat Litter Pan ($12.99) Best covered: Frisco Multi-Function Covered Cat Litter Box ($61.99) Best for ...PetSafe ScoopFree Ultra Self-Cleaning Cat Litter Box Review. Final Verdict. If you're looking to take the hassle out of cleaning litter, our favorite overall automatic litter box is the Whisker Litter-Robot 4. It's a major improvement on the previous Litter-Robot model, with a useful interface and quiet operation.Price: $699.00. Dimensions: 27 x 22 x 29.5 inches. Works With: Any clumping cat litter. Key Strengths: A feature-rich, reliable, WiFi-enabled litter box that works with any clumping cat litter. Ideal For: People who want to spend more to get the best performance.Oct 23, 2021 · The quick answer to this question is 3! The number of litter boxes is calculated by the number of cats plus one. So if you have two cats, they will need at least three litter boxes, for three cats, four boxes, and so on. It’s simply called the rule of the thumb’ and reads like this: “One litter box per cat + one extra. USA Today, "Fact check: No, a Michigan public school did not provide litter boxes for students identifying as cats," Jan. 30, 2022 YouTube, " No, furries don't get litter boxes in school bathrooms ...Follow this simple rule: one box per cat, plus one extra. So if you have two cats, you should have three boxes. Making sure everyone has their space can help ease …Many cats will spray their litter box to claim it as their own. The idea of having this many litter boxes will offer each cat to ‘claim’ one box as their own, while allowing an extra box for a …How Many Litter Boxes For 2 Cats? The answer to this question depends on a number of factors, including the size of your home, the number of cats you have, and your cats’ litter box habits. In general, it is recommended that you have one litter box per cat, plus an extra box. So, for two cats, you would need three litter boxes.After hours of research and testing over 25 litter boxes with my cats, a few litter boxes have outshone the rest. The iPrimio stainless steel litter box is the go-to litter box in my household, while the Litter-Robot 4 impressed me with its consistent performance and industry-leading build quality. My cat, Forest, particularly appreciated …Feb 14, 2024 ... For two cats, you should have three litter boxes. How many litter boxes for 3 cats? For three cats, you should have four litter boxes.The 'rule' is the number of cats + 1 for litterboxes. So 2 cats = 3 litterboxes. But it really depends on the cats, we have 2 cats and 2 litterboxes and it works for us! I would put 2 food bowls and 2 water bowls (in different places) so they can choose. Also some cats don't like to eat where the litterbox is, so put it somewhere else to …The quick answer to this question is 3! The number of litter boxes is calculated by the number of cats plus one. So if you have two cats, they will need at least three litter boxes, for three cats, four boxes, and so on. It’s simply called the rule of the thumb’ and reads like this: “One litter box per cat + one extra.7. My cats don't seem to have a preference, so I personally am never exact. Most litter companies recommend anywhere from 2–4 inches (5–10 cm), depending on your cat's habits. I usually err on the side of less, to save litter and thus money. It is inevitable to have clumps of urine stuck at the bottom.That’s why veterinarians advocate getting n+1 litter boxes per cat. In other words, if you have n=3 cats, you need to have n+ 1, or four litter boxes. I have two cats, Seamus and Lily; thus, I have three litter boxes. While this may seem like overkill, remember that cats are affected by litter box husbandry and cleanliness, and you’d much ...Your need for speed has a hefty price tag. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive newsletters and promotions from Money and its partners. I agree to Money's Terms of Use and Priv...Dec 28, 2018 · It just means that if you were to clean a single box twice a day, with two litter boxes, you can scoop once a day without affecting the overall level of cleaningness. How many litter boxes for two cats. You should know the answer by now - a minimum of three boxes. Yes, sometimes two cats manage with a single box. Not always though. The best cat litter boxes are easy to clean and provide strong odor control. Our top picks include automatic, self-cleaning, and multiple-cat boxes. INSIDER. The 13 best cat …“Also, don't forget to wipe down the litter box and remove any leftover litter,” she says. Supplies for Cleaning a Litter Box: Replacement kitty litter ...Cat crafts for kids are a fun way to celebrate your furry friends. Learn how to make catnip toys, toy cat balloons and other cat crafts for kids. Advertisement Feel like getting in...Many cats like 2-3 inches of litter in the box. However, the preferences may vary with a cat’s love to dig and find a treasure from their poo-filled litter box. In that case, add a little more litter and make it 3-4 inches. You have no choice; you need to surrender to the needs and likes of the mighty creature, the cat.This means that if you have two cats, you’ll need three litter boxes. Having too few litter boxes can lead to fighting between cats and reluctance to use the same litter box because the area is not cleaned often enough. It is also important to keep the litter box cleaned on a regular basis. Cats can be quite sensitive to smells, so if …Feb 26, 2024 · The minimum number of litter boxes recommended for your house is one litter box per cat, plus an extra one. For example, if you have one cat, you should have two litter boxes. If... If you have problems with one box then you can try an self-cleaning litter box. One of my cats will only use the box if it's "fresh" and cleaning 2 boxes 3x a day wasn't enough. So we got an automatic box and haven't had any issues since, however if my cat wasn't picky then I wouldn't recommend paying for an automatic box..The general rule for how many litter boxes are needed for 2 cats is 3. It is recommended that you have one litter box per cat, plus an additional one. This ensures that there are enough litter boxes for each cat to have their own space, and it also helps to prevent litter box issues. Having multiple litter boxes …Nov 4, 2023 · Yes, two cats can “love” each other, eat from the same bowl, and sleep in one bed. However, there’s always the potential for jealousy and bullying when cats share resources. So, having a single litter box for two cats can lead to many behavior problems and bad bathroom habits. Allow me to walk you through the main reasons why cats shouldn ... There are four basic things to consider when setting up a litter box: 1. Litter Box Hygiene 2. Litter Box Type and Size 3. Litter Substrate 4. Litter Box location and number. Litter Box Hygiene. Cats are fastidiously clean. Most cats will …The Magic Cat-to-litter Box Ratio. Now, being straightforward, I’ll just hit you with 1:2. So the thumb rule states that you need two litter boxes for each cat you have. If you have one kitty, the litter box count will be two. If you have two kitties, it’ll be four, and so on. Why would I need more than one litter box if I only …Unless a box required a specific litter to operate effectively, all the litter boxes were filled with our budget pick for the best cat litters, Dr. Elsey's Ultra Multi-Strength Cat Litter, except ...Red Cat Holdings News: This is the News-site for the company Red Cat Holdings on Markets Insider Indices Commodities Currencies StocksLocation. The Beehave State! I read just today in a pet health article in a magazine that you should have 2 litter boxes for the first cat and one more for each cat after the first. So if you had 3 cats, you should have 4 litter pans. I have 3 cats and 4 litter pans. Apr 25, 2005.Apr 29, 2022 · Corner litter boxes do exactly what they sound like, they are shaped to fit into a corner with a 90 degree angle – making it great for smaller areas. Extra large litter boxes are a good option for your larger cats, and come in many sizes. The majority of these style boxes will be bigger in all dimensions (length, height, and width) High Sided ... They say that the cat to litter box ratio is n+1. N meaning the number of cats you have +1 extra litter box. So if you have one cat you should have 2 litter boxes, 2 cats 3, 3 cats 4, and so on. You definitely don’t want cats fighting for not enough resources (litter boxes, toys, food etc) that’s not fun and they definitely will.The best cat litter in 2023. Best cat litter overall: Tidy Cats Naturally Strong Litter (3 13.3 lb. bags) - See at Chewy Tidy Cats Naturally Strong Litter is a clay-based clumping litter that is ...Oct 14, 2022 · At a luncheon for Republican women in Mesa County, Colorado, last week, Rep. Lauren Boebert, R-Colo., warned that educators “are putting litter boxes in schools for people who identify as cats ... The general rule for how many litter boxes are needed for 2 cats is 3. It is recommended that you have one litter box per cat, plus an additional one. This ensures that there are enough litter boxes for each cat to have their own space, and it also helps to prevent litter box issues. Having multiple litter boxes …4 Weeks (Standard) 3 Weeks (Extra Odor Control) 2 Bags of PrettyLitter $0 $0.00 per bag. 2 Cat Litter Bags delivered every 4 weeks. Save %. Shipping. Free Expedited Shipping. Subtotal: $0. Cancel anytime. If you’re not completely satisfied with your first order, just call within 30 days of purchase and we’ll issue a full …Mallory Crusta / Cats.com. The Litter-Robot 4 works with the Whisker app, feeding you information on your cat’s weight, litter box activity, and more. It also allows you to control the litter box remotely. The advanced technology that sets the Litter-Robot apart from the competition extends beyond the box itself.I had 2 cats before who used one big litter box (it was a plastic underbed storage container with wheels). I had a 3rd cat stay with us for a couple of weeks who had his own litterbox upstairs, but still used the residents' litter box lol, what a rude guest :)) It wholly depends on your cats, really. r/CatAdvice. Even if one litter box per cat is enough for your furry buddies, we recommend you get one more litter box. So, for two cats, you should get three litter boxes. The short answer: You need one litter box for every cat, plus one extra. If you own two cats, you need three litter boxes. That sounds like a lot of maintenance and money, but here is the lowdown on why it's necessary. Signs of Litterbox Blues When cats get tired…. Even if one litter box per cat is enough for your furry buddies, we recommend you get one more litter box. So, for two cats, you should get three litter boxes. By providing multiple litter boxes, you can prevent these conflicts and promote a peaceful living environment. It’s also important to consider the type of litter box you use. Some cats prefer covered litter boxes, while others prefer open ones. Some cats prefer a certain type of litter, such as clumping or non-clumping.For example, if two cats are using one litter box, we suggest two bags. If each cat has their own litter box, but one is used more than the other, we suggest two bags per box. There are many different sizes of litter boxes, and every household's litter box usage is different, so if you ever need more or less litter, we're happy to help …Some cats may enjoy sharing a litter box and use the opportunity to bond with one another. This can be especially true if two cats are closely bonded, such as littermates or cats who were raised together from a young age. Sharing a litter box can also help reduce tension between cats. If one cat is territorial about their …Jan 9, 2022 · How many litter boxes for 1 cat? The best guideline for the number of cat litter boxes to provide in your purry palace is to have one litter box per cat and at least one extra. So, you should provide at least two litterboxes for just one cat. This allows your puss to select the tray that gives them the most privacy and peace. If you have problems with one box then you can try an self-cleaning litter box. One of my cats will only use the box if it's "fresh" and cleaning 2 boxes 3x a day wasn't enough. So we got an automatic box and haven't had any issues since, however if my cat wasn't picky then I wouldn't recommend paying for an automatic box..This lightweight, silica crystal cat litter is dust-free and comes in a fine texture that won’t irritate even the most sensitive cat paws. Pretty Litter is available in a convenient monthly subscription, with a full bag lasting up to 30 days for a single cat. If you have multiple cats, simply add an extra litter box for each.Common veterinary advice says the rule for litter boxes is n+1. This means you should always keep one litter box per cat, plus one extra. So if you had 1 cat, you’d need 2. If you had 2, … How Many Litter Boxes Should You Have? As I said above, the rule of thumb for as long as I can remember has always been 1 litter box for each cat in the home + 1 more. So, the basics on that are: 1 cat = 2 litter boxes. 2 cats = 3 litter boxes. Even if one litter box per cat is enough for your furry buddies, we recommend you get one more litter box. So, for two cats, you should get three litter boxes.1. Scoop the litter box one to two times daily. Clean your cat’s litter box at least once every day. Regular, consistent scooping is the single most important part of keeping your cat’s litter box clean and preventing litter box avoidance. Ideally, you should scoop litter boxes once to twice daily.So, if you have two cats, three litter boxes is ideal. Cats like having multiple options. If you have more than one cat, setting up multiple boxes will help prevent turf wars and decrease the chances of developing certain undesirable behavioral issues and urinary medical conditions. Where to Put the Litter Box. Where you … This means I may receive a small commission if products are purchased through them. All opinions are honest and remain my own. Common veterinary advice says the rule for litter boxes is n+1. This means you should always keep one litter box per cat, plus one extra. So if you had 1 cat, you’d need 2. If you had 2, you’d need 3 – you get the ... Multiple Litter Boxes for Multiple Cats: Do I Need 2 Litter Boxes for 2 Cats? The Importance of Litter Boxes for Cats. As a cat owner, it is essential to provide your feline companion with a clean and functional litter box. Litter boxes are vital for maintaining the …February 17, 2022. 0. 56. Merry Products Nightstand Pet House. How Many Litter Boxes Do You Need For 2 or More Cats? Alternatively, you can disguise some of those extra cat litter boxes …Sharing a litter box can stress out a cat, especially if multiple cats are all trying to share one box. Make sure you give your cats multiple options with litter boxes placed in different quiet locations within the home. When your cat has choices, if one box isn’t suiting his needs, he can go to another one where he can get his privacy.The rule of thumb is that you need one litter box per cat + one extra. So if you have 3 cats, 4 litter boxes will be the perfect amount. Be sure not to place the litter boxes too close to each …For two cats, a litter box that’s at least 18 inches wide and 22 inches long is recommended. It should also be at least 5 inches deep to accommodate digging and burying. Avoid covered boxes that can make cats feel trapped or cramped.Our top picks. Best overall: Frisco High-Sided Cat Litter Box ($20) Best budget: PetMate Basic Cat Litter Pan ($12.99) Best covered: Frisco Multi-Function Covered Cat Litter Box ($61.99) Best for ...Extra large litter boxes are a good option for your larger cats, and come in many sizes. The majority of these style boxes will be bigger in all dimensions (length, height, and width) …Litter-Robot 4. $699. Never scoop again! Our smart, self-cleaning litter box for cats is quieter, sleeker, and provides a fresh bed of litter after every use while reducing litter tracking and odors. Join 1 million pet parents who’ve upgraded to a smarter automatic litter box. Skip to the end of the images gallery.CAT scans take X-ray imaging to a whole new level. Find out how a CAT scan machine uses 'slices' to form a 3-D computer model of a patient's insides. Advertisement CAT scans take t...Litter Boxes for Multiple Cats: What To Look for. 11 Best Litter Boxes For Multiple Cats: Our Top Picks. 1. Frisco High-Sided Cat Litter Box. 2. Petmate Giant Litter Pan For Cat. 3. Nature’s Miracle High-Sided Litter Box. 4.The cat experts over at ISFM strongly advise 1 litter tray for each cat plus one more. Therefore, if you have two cats you should have 3 litter boxes. This might seem extreme but it has been decided after years of research on cat behaviour. If you do not have the space for 3 litter boxes, you will at least need to have two – one for each cat.This means that if you have two cats, you’ll need three litter boxes. Having too few litter boxes can lead to fighting between cats and reluctance to use the same litter box because the area is not cleaned often enough. It is also important to keep the litter box cleaned on a regular basis. Cats can be quite sensitive to smells, so if the ...For two cats, a litter box that’s at least 18 inches wide and 22 inches long is recommended. It should also be at least 5 inches deep to accommodate digging and burying. Avoid covered boxes that can make cats feel trapped or cramped.As cat experts from PetMD explain, “ for seven cats, you need at least eight litter boxes .” (1)So, for six cats, you need at least seven cat litter boxes, nine boxes for eight … | Crwqsta (article) | Mvodt.